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Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
Search Application Notes & Cards
Learn how to configure Rohde & Schwarz products to fit your application. Search our database by product, technology, or application to find relevant technical documents.
1104 Results
RF physical layer specifications (such as 3GPP TS36.104) describe a variety of requirements that the end equipment needs to meet. This application note provides insight into some of these specifications and how test & measurement equipment can simplify the task of deriving requirements for RF sub-systems.
10-Apr-2013 | AN-No. 1MA221
A key challenge for embedded devices with DDR memories is to maintain signal integrity in the presence of power and ground rail fluctuations. This becomes even more important as supply voltages decrease and switching speed increases leading to tighter power rail tolerances and jitter requirements.
05-Apr-2017
This application note briefly summarizes the history of SCPI and outlines in which fields of application a SCPI based test system software has still advantages over a driver (e.g. IVI) based approach. Further the unique features of the high-end R&SSMW 200A vector signal generator that allow an increase in efficiency of SCPI based test system software development are introduced and operating guidelines are provided.
18-Oct-2017 | AN-No. 1GP98
Most of the tests specified in standard TS 34.121 [1] for 3GPP Rel-5 can be performed with R&S®CMU200. This document provides a step by step guide on how to perform Rel-5 measurements on transmitter characteristics, receiver characteristics and performance tests according to TS 34.121 V8.7.0 clauses 5, 6 and 9 with standalone R&S®CMU200. Test cases that require additional instruments, e.g. fading generator (R&S®SMU200A or R&S®AMU200A) will be discussed in brief in this application note with recommended reference. A set of *.sav files based on R&S®CMU200 firmware V5.03 for UE supporting operating band I with power class 3 in RMC 12.2 kbps + HSDPA is attached to this application note.
13-Oct-2009 | AN-No. 1CM72
Your measurement task: To analyze an RF module via its digital interface. This Application Note explains how. As interfaces between the baseband and the RF modules of mobile radio base stations and terminals are increasingly digital, instruments for testing such modules need digital baseband interfaces as well. The R&S®EX-IQ-Box is a digital interface adapter that provides digital baseband I/O for Rohde & Schwarz signal generators and signal analyzers. An R&S signal analyzer with digital baseband interface R&S®FSQ-B17 can analyze digital baseband components input from the R&S®EX-IQ-Box. Data collected with a test-setup consisting of an R&S signal analyzer and the digital interface adapter R&S®EX-IQ-Box can be used in an Agilent ADS environment. For details of how to input the results to ADS, see Application Note 1MA72: 'Using R&S® Instruments within Agilent®ADS®Software'
26-Jun-2009 | AN-No. 1MA147
Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) have taken giant steps in speed and accuracy over the past years: Such devices allow high-speed video processing and even software defined radio (SDR) applications, where digitization is being performed at ever-higher intermediate frequencies (IF). This has clearly raised the bar for ADC test equipment, especially regarding the noise performance of the analog input signal and sample clock sources used in the test setup. The R&S®SMA100B offers outputs for the analog input signal of the ADC as well as the clock input signal in one single instrument - both with outstanding signal purity.
11-Jan-2021 | AN-No. 1GP66
The battery cycle tool has several charts that display collected data and can be used to characterize battery samples and create battery models.
02-May-2023
This application note describes the use of R&S®GTSL and R&S®EGTSL in a .NET programming environment. It shows the user how libraries and drivers generated using the C programming language can be used in applications based on .NET technology.
08-Mar-2016 | AN-No. 1SE001
Measuring cable characteristics is important when it comes to installing and servicing cable TV systems. Cable pinches or poor connections considerably influence the characteristics of cable TV systems. This document shows how the measurement is carried out in a 75 Ohm system. The basics of distance-to-fault measurements, the test setup, calibration and measurement are discussed.
21-Sep-2006 | AN-No. 7BM60
An FSE Spectrum Analyser equipped with the Vector Signal Analysis option (FSE-B7) can measure oscillator settling time or transmitter attack and release times with high accuracy up to 40 GHz. No additional measurement equipment is needed.
12-Feb-1999 | AN-No. 1MA15
Monitoring solutions for operators of security radio networks for police, rescue services, ambulances, fire brigades and radio and TV broadcasting transmitters and other regional and national services.
04-Sep-2006
Despite the advent of advanced digital transmission methods, analog broadcasting remains highly important. Until now, measurements on FM transmitters in connection with acceptance testing, commissioning and maintenance required using a variety of T&M instruments.The R&S ETL TV analyzer combines these instruments' capabilities in a single unit and can completely replace them. Now, for the first time, acceptance test measurements can be conducted on FM transmitters quickly and easily using just one compact test instrument. The R&S ETL provides the functionalities of a power meter, spectrum analyzer, audio generator, FM measurement demodulator, stereo decoder, audio analyzer and more in just one box.
10-Sep-2013 | AN-No. 7BM105
An error in DVB-T2 signal feed to the transmitter can cause failure of the entire DVB-T2 network. For this reason, the established ETSI TR 101 290 DVB measurement guidelines have been expanded to include measurements for the new T2-MI interface. The instruments of the R&S®DVMS family monitor T2-MI signals by performing these newly defined measurements and even provide in-depth analysis of these signals.
01-Sep-2011
Application Note 1MA81 has been replaced by .
05-Jan-2012 | AN-No. 1MA81
True or false: 30 dBm + 30 dBm = 60 dBm? Why does 1% work out to be -40 dB one time but then 0.1 dB or 0.05 dB the next time? These questions sometimes leave even experienced engineers scratching their heads. Decibels are found everywhere, including power levels, voltages, reflection coefficients, noise figures, field strengths and more. What is a decibel and how should we use it in our calculations? This Application Note is intended as a refresher on the subject of decibels.
21-Apr-2015 | AN-No. 1MA98
This Application Note describes two programs for calculating conversions: 1.: The Power Unit Calculator Power, dBm, dBmV and Volts @ 50 W 2.: The VSWR Calculator Reflection, VSWR, Return loss and Power reflection Reflections, Reflectionl to Mismatch Uncertainty.
03-Jul-1998 | AN-No. 1MA12
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02-Nov-2009 | AN-No. 7BM14
Correct and time-saving parameter configuration thanks to predefined DVB-T2 test configurations in the R&S®SFU broadcast test system
18-Apr-2013
This application note describes the procedure used to create LabVIEW driver libraries by importing *.DLL files from the GTSL (Generic Test Software Library) development framework for the R&S CompactTSVP. This common recipe allows all upcoming versions of the GTSL to be imported as well, for seamless deployment of R&S CompactTSVP modules.
28-Dec-2007 | AN-No. 1SP801
Analyze near-field signals and reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) on boards and modules with the R&S®SpectrumRider FPH and the R&S®HZ-15 near-field probes.
27-Jun-2016
Today’s infotainment units offer a wide range of features to truly embody the concept of the connected car.
14-Jun-2018
automotive radar echo generator, AREG100A, automotive radar sensors Automotive radar sensors are safety-relevant and have to be comprehensively tested for reliable functioning. The R&S ® AREG100A automotive radar echo generator is a versatile instrument for stimulating radars in the 24 GHz ISM band and in the 77 GHz and 79 GHz frequency bands. Together with the R&S ® ATS1500A shielded chamber, it offers
06-Aug-2018
Using S-parameters instead of a fixed offset makes measurements more accurate by accounting for the interaction between the sensor and a component. This shifts the sensor's reference plane from the sensor's RF connector to the input of the device that is being applied externally. This application note explains the fundamentals of using S-parameters and discusses some common applications in which S-parameter correction is useful. It also introduces a command line tool for updating S-parameter data in custom applications or in automated test setups.
27-Jul-2012 | AN-No. 1GP70
This application note describes a software application that can be utilized in conjunction with Rohde&Schwarz Signal- and Spectrum Analyzers and Signal Source Analyzers to capture and analyze transient signals. The software application takes advantage of the instrument’s IQ memory buffer of up to 705 Msamples to capture and analyze IQ signals in the time domain and / or frequency domain. This is useful for measuring lock time, analyzing radar pulses, finding spurious transients, and other measurements similar in nature to these. This application can be used with R&S®Signal Source Analyzer FSUP and R&S®Signal and Spectrum Analyzers FSQ, FSU, FSG, FSV.
16-Feb-2009 | AN-No. 1MA141
The R&S®SMBV100B vector signal generator can be turned into a multi-frequency, multi‑constellation GNSS simulator for receiver tests in the lab.
22-Aug-2019
This application note reviews a new calibration subsystem which consists of Inline Calibration Units (ICUs). These ICUs are designed for in situ use, so they are left in place both during the calibration procedure and during the measurement of the Device Under Test (DUT).This adds versatility, convenience and accuracy to the VNA based measurement system, as it means the calibration can be refreshed at any time without manually disconnecting the DUT from the test system.
29-Sep-2017 | AN-No. 1EZ71
Rohde & Schwarz has made a breakthrough for better jitter and noise separation with the launch of SW options (RT-K133 & RT-K134). Technical information on this new algorithm were presented at . We received a lot of positive feedback on this new technique. However, one fundamental question still remained. How does this new algorithm compare to established solutions available on the market today?This app note provides an introduction into the various jitter components and elucidates the commonly available jitter separation frameworks. Finally, it provides a comparison between the different commercial solutions, while explaining the used waveforms and signals to achieve the results. Curios? Read on, to learn how Rohde & Schwarz’s new option for jitter and noise separation delivers dependable and stable results. If you are interested in evaluating on your own, you may download the waveform files with registration.
08-Dec-2021 | AN-No. 1SL375
This application note shows how to remote control the switching of RF and digital I/O signals by R&S®OSP Open Switch and Control Platform directly from a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) or from a Spectrum Analyzer (SA). The R&S®ZVA, R&S®ZVB, R&S®ZNB, R&S®FSW and R&S®FSV families are covered. The application note first describes the requirements and setup procedure. It is shown how to install the software and how to set up the system in order to get highest flexibility and best usability. It is then shown how to calibrate the entire configuration and finally some practical examples are provided. Switching is explained using VNAs as an example, the appendix 5.4 provides hints regarding the differences when using SAs in a similar way.
06-Dec-2013 | AN-No. 1MA226
Modern mobile phones can support cellular and noncellular wireless communications standards at the same time. This means, however, that the subsystems must operate in very close proximity to each other within a single device (in-device coexistence). The resulting high level of reciprocal leakage can at times cause considerable interference.This application note employs preliminary theoretical analysis and demonstrates how the problems of indevice coexistence can be measured. For german version please visit .
28-Apr-2015 | AN-No. 1MA255